RO water treatment system, also known as reverse osmosis water treatment system, is a membrane separation technology developed in the 1960s. Its principle is that raw water passes through a reverse osmosis membrane under high pressure, and the solvent in the water diffuses from high concentration to low concentration to achieve separation, purification, and concentration. Due to its opposite direction of permeation in nature, it is called reverse osmosis. The reverse osmosis water treatment system can remove bacteria, viruses, colloids, organic matter, and over 98% of soluble salts from water. This method has the characteristics of low operating cost, simple operation, high degree of automation, and stable effluent quality. Compared with other traditional water treatment methods, it has obvious advantages and is widely used in water treatment related industries.
The RO membrane itself is sensitive to the pH, temperature, and specific chemicals of the incoming water. The water quality of the incoming water strictly requires a pH range of 4-10, temperature<40 ℃, sludge density index SDI<5, and free chlorine<0.1mg · L^-1Turbidity<1, iron content<0.1mg · L^-1Wait. In order to meet the inlet requirements of the RO membrane, the raw water needs to undergo pretreatment (sedimentation, coagulation, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, activated carbon absorption, pH adjustment, etc.) before entering the RO membrane system. Then, it is pressurized by a pressure pump and enters the membrane module. Under the pressure, the raw water passes through the RO membrane to become produced water, while inorganic salts, organic matter, and particles are trapped on the other side of the membrane to form a concentrated solution. According to the specific process requirements, the concentrated solution can be recycled or reprocessed. RO can be combined with membrane devices such as ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to form an integrated membrane device.