Jiuquan City Hospital Wastewater Treatment Equipment - Hospital Wastewater Treatment Standards

Composition of medical wastewater quality:

Medical wastewater refers to the wastewater generated by medical institutions, mainly including medical treatment, living, and fecal sewage discharged from outpatient clinics, wards, operating rooms, various testing rooms, case dissection rooms, radiology rooms, laundry rooms, morgues, and other places. When other sewage from medical institutions is mixed with the above-mentioned sewage and discharged, it shall be regarded as medical institution wastewater.

The water quality varies depending on the nature, scale, and location of different hospitals. The amount of sewage discharged per day is about 200-1000L. The main pollutants contained in hospital sewage are pathogens (parasite eggs, pathogens, viruses, etc.), organic matter, floating and suspended solids, radioactive pollutants, etc. The total amount of bacteria in untreated raw sewage is more than 10 ^ 8/mL. The biodegradability of the wastewater is good and suitable for biochemical treatment.

Common medical wastewater treatment processes:

There are currently two main types of treatment for medical wastewater: first, pretreatment; 2、 Deep processing.

Pre treatment usually involves simple processing techniques such as filtration, precipitation, and disinfection, and the treatment generally meets the standards for receiving pipes; Deep processing refers to pre-treatment combined with biochemical treatment, and the treatment generally meets the national emission standards.

At present, there are many biochemical treatment processes for medical wastewater used both domestically and internationally, which are mainly divided into two types: activated sludge method and biofilm method. The common aeration method, oxidation ditch method, A/B method, and A2/O method belong to the former, while the biological rotary disc and contact oxidation method belong to the latter.

The commonly used processes for biochemical treatment of small-scale medical wastewater include A/O process, MBR process, SBR process, and CASS process. Medical wastewater integrated equipment often adopts improved AO and MBR methods, both of which focus on biological treatment. However, the MBR process adds a membrane treatment system to the final treatment of wastewater, making the effluent quality better and more stable.

Regulations on Medical Sewage Discharge:

In order to implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, the Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, and the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, strengthen the control and management of sewage from medical institutions, waste gas from sewage treatment stations, and sludge discharge, prevent and control the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, safeguard human health, and maintain a good ecological environment, this standard is formulated.

From the date of implementation, this standard replaces the relevant parts of GB8978-1996 "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard" regarding the discharge of water pollutants from medical institutions, and replaces GB18466-2001 "Requirements for Wastewater Discharge from Medical Institutions". New, expanded, and renovated medical institutions shall be managed in accordance with this standard from the date of implementation. Existing medical institutions shall meet the requirements of this standard before December 31, 2007.

Emission Standards for Water Pollutants in Medical Institutions

1. Wastewater discharge requirements

2. The sewage discharge of medical institutions for infectious diseases and tuberculosis shall comply with the provisions in Table 1.

3. Comprehensive medical institutions and other medical institutions with 20 or more beds at or above the county level shall comply with the provisions of Table 2 for sewage discharge. The sewage directly or indirectly discharged into surface water bodies and sea areas shall comply with the discharge standards, and the sewage discharged into the sewer of the terminal with a normally operating urban secondary sewage treatment plant shall comply with the pre-treatment standards.

4. Wastewater from comprehensive medical institutions below the county level or with less than 20 beds, as well as all other medical institutions, can only be discharged after disinfection treatment.

5. It is prohibited to directly discharge medical institution sewage into drinking water protection areas and swimming areas of GB3838I, II and III water bodies, as well as GB3097 Class I and II sea areas.

6. Comprehensive medical institutions with infectious disease wards should separate the sewage from infectious disease wards from that from non infectious disease wards. The sewage and feces in the infectious ward can only be combined with other sewage after disinfection.

7. Medical institution wastewater disinfected with chlorine containing disinfectants, if directly discharged into surface water bodies and sea areas, should undergo dechlorination treatment to ensure that the total residual chlorine is less than 0.5mg/L.

[Principle of Handling]
1. Classification guidelines. Classify and guide hospital sewage treatment based on hospital nature, scale, sewage discharge destination, and regional differences. To prevent pollution and harm during the transportation of hospital sewage, on-site treatment must be carried out in the hospital. It is strictly prohibited to dispose of hospital sewage and waste into the sewer system at will.
2. Principle of whole process control. Control the entire process of hospital wastewater generation, treatment, and discharge. Effectively removing disinfection by-products from wastewater and controlling excessive residual LV in effluent to protect ecological environment safety.
3. Ecological security principles and reduction principles. Strictly implement the hospital's internal hygiene and safety management system, and strictly control and separate sewage and waste sources. Domestic sewage and ward sewage are collected separately in the hospital, that is, source control and clean sewage separation.
Principle of on-site handling. The principle of combining compliance with risk control. Comprehensively consider the basic requirements for sewage discharge standards in comprehensive hospitals and infectious disease hospitals, while strengthening risk control awareness, and improving the ability to respond to emergencies from the aspects of process technology, engineering construction, and supervision and management.

Operation and management of sewage treatment facilities

The purpose of hospital sewage treatment is to use various technologies and equipment to remove physical, chemical, and biological pollutants from sewage, purify water quality, meet national sewage discharge standards, protect water resources, and safeguard human health. Effective management and operation of sewage treatment facilities can generate good economic and social benefits. According to the practice of sewage treatment operation and management in our hospital, four aspects of work must be done well:

1Wastewater treatment process operation: including the removal of slag in the wastewater pretreatment process, operation and management of the wastewater lifting pump room, operation testing of the biochemical treatment process, testing and operation of the disinfection process, and harmless disposal of residual sludge.

2Laboratory work: mainly involves conducting laboratory analysis, comparison, and assessment of various pollution factors, evaluating the operational effectiveness of sewage treatment, and exploring process conditions.

3Process equipment: Strengthen daily inspection and maintenance work.

4Equip personnel familiar with environmental sanitation to enrich this work, establish job positions and staffing for various types of work, establish business assessment files and reward and punishment systems.

The safety and hygiene issues of hospital sewage treatment centers cannot be ignored. The sewage treatment center is responsible for eliminating pollution and protecting the surrounding ecological environment. Due to the special nature of hospital sewage, specialized technical training is provided to employees before they can take up their posts. Only those who pass the examination can be employed. To prevent accidents, corresponding safety and health management systems and emergency plans must be developed.

Jiuquan City Hospital Wastewater Treatment Equipment - Hospital Wastewater Treatment Standards