Microfiltration equipment

Micro filtration equipment (MF), also known as microporous filtration, belongs to precision filtration. Microfiltration devices are capable of filtering micro (μ m) or nano (nm) particles and bacteria, intercepting particles such as gravel, sludge, clay, as well as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, algae, and some bacteria in the solution. A large amount of solvents, small molecules, and a small amount of macromolecular solutes can also pass through the membrane separation process.
The basic principle of microfiltration equipment is the screening process, and the operating pressure is generally between 0.7-7kPa. The raw material liquid passes through the filtering material of the microfiltration equipment under the action of static pressure difference. The filtering materials of microfiltration devices can be divided into various types, such as folding filter cartridges, melt blown filter cartridges, bag filters, microfiltration membranes, etc. Microfiltration equipment uses microporous membranes made of cellulose or polymer materials, utilizing their uniform pore size to trap particles, bacteria, etc. in water, preventing them from being removed through the microfiltration membrane of the microfiltration device.
The physical structure, pore shape, and size of the membrane determine the separation efficiency of the microfiltration equipment.

There are currently over ten specifications of microporous membranes used in microfiltration devices, with pore sizes ranging from 0.1 to 75 μ m. Microfiltration devices have a wide range of applications in fields such as pharmaceuticals, beverages, drinking water, food, electronics, petrochemicals, analytical testing, and wastewater treatment.

Ultrafiltration equipment
Ultra filtration (UF) is one of the membrane separation technologies driven by pressure. For the purpose of separating large and small molecules, the membrane pore size is between 20-1000A °. Hollow fiber ultrafiltration (membrane) has the advantages of high filling density per unit of solvent and small footprint.
During the operation of ultrafiltration equipment, the aqueous solution flows through the membrane surface under pressure, and the deep agent (water) and small molecule solutes smaller than the membrane pores permeate the membrane, becoming the purified liquid (filtrate). The solutes and solute groups larger than the membrane pores are intercepted and discharged with the water flow, becoming the deep shrinkage liquid. The working process of ultrafiltration equipment is dynamic filtration, and separation is completed in a flowing state. Solutes only deposit limitedly on the membrane surface, and the ultrafiltration rate decays to a certain extent and tends to equilibrium, and the working performance of the ultrafiltration equipment can be restored through cleaning.
Ultrafiltration devices, like reverse osmosis devices, come in various forms such as plate type, tube type (internal pressure tube type and external pressure tube bundle type), roll type, hollow fiber type, etc.
The advantages of ultrafiltration devices are simple operation, low cost, and no need to add any chemical reagents. In particular, ultrafiltration technology has mild experimental conditions, no phase changes compared to evaporation and freeze-drying, and does not cause temperature or pH changes. Therefore, ultrafiltration equipment can prevent denaturation, deactivation, and autolysis of biomolecules. In the preparation technology of biomolecules, ultrafiltration devices are mainly used for desalination, dehydration, and concentration of biomolecules.
Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is a mature form of ultrafiltration technology. Hollow fiber outer diameter? 0.5-2.0mm， Inner diameter? 0.3-1.4mm， The hollow fiber tube wall is covered with micropores, and the pore size is expressed in terms of the molecular weight that can intercept substances, with a molecular weight interception of several thousand to several hundred thousand. The raw water flows under pressure outside or inside the hollow fibers, forming external pressure and internal pressure respectively. Ultrafiltration is a dynamic filtration process in which trapped substances can be removed as the concentration decreases, without clogging the membrane surface, and can operate continuously for a long time.
Usage: Pure water and ultrapure water equipment; Medical sterile heatless raw water equipment, purification of industrial beverages, drinking water, mineral water, industrial separation, concentration, purification, industrial wastewater treatment, electrophoretic paint, electroplating oily wastewater treatment.

Typical process flow: Raw liquid - Storage tank - Pressure pump - Precision filter - Hollow ultrafiltration equipment - Storage tank - Backwash water tank - Backwash pump

Nanofiltration equipment
Nano filtration (NF) is a pressure driven membrane separation process between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration, with a pore size range of several nanometers for the nanofiltration membrane. The membrane module of nanofiltration equipment was commercialized in the mid-1980s. Most nanofiltration membranes are derived from reverse osmosis membranes, such as CA, CTA membranes, aromatic polyamide composite membranes, and sulfonated polyether sulfone membranes. However, compared to reverse osmosis, the operating pressure of nanofiltration devices is lower, so nanofiltration equipment is also known as "low-pressure reverse osmosis" or "loose reverse osmosis" (Loose RO).
Nanofiltration equipment is widely used in industries such as electronics, food, and medicine, for practical separation processes such as ultrapure water preparation, juice concentration, peptide and amino acid separation, antibiotic concentration and purification, whey protein concentration, and nanofiltration membrane bioreactor coupling. Compared with ultrafiltration devices or reverse osmosis equipment, nanofiltration processes have poor retention of monovalent ions and organic matter with molecular weights below 200, while they have higher removal rates for divalent or multivalent ions and organic matter with molecular weights between 200 and 500. Based on this characteristic, nanofiltration processes are mainly used for water softening, purification, separation, classification, and concentration of substances with relative molecular weights in the hundreds (such as dyes, antibiotics, peptides, polysaccharides, and other chemical and biological engineering products), decolorization, and deodorization. Nanofiltration equipment is mainly used for removing hardness components such as Ca and Mg ions, trihalomethanes intermediates, odors, chromaticity, pesticides, synthetic detergents, soluble organic matter, and evaporated residual substances from drinking water.