The fully automatic water softener, water softening equipment, and boiler water softening treatment equipment are composed of a multi way valve controller, a water softening tank, 001 × 7 strong acidic cation exchange resin, a water distributor, a salt valve, a salt box, etc.

Introduction to boiler softened water treatment equipment
1、 Softened water system
1. Overview
Softening, as the name suggests, refers to reducing the hardness of water. The softened water system consists of three parts, namely the ion exchange part, the salt regeneration part, and the control part. Ion exchange technology is the working principle of softening systems, and its main body is ion exchange resin. As the hardness of water is mainly formed and represented by calcium and magnesium, cation exchange resin is generally used to replace Ca2+and Mg2+(the main components that form scale) in water. As the Ca2+and Mg2+in the resin increase, the efficiency of removing Ca and Mg2+gradually decreases. Therefore, after using the softened water equipment for a period of time, it is necessary to use a salt regeneration part to regenerate the resin, restore its efficiency, and improve its service life. The control part can achieve automatic operation of the entire system, automatically regenerating salt based on the system's running time or water flow.
2. Principle
The fully automatic softening water system uses the principle of ion exchange to remove scaling ions such as calcium and magnesium from water, softening the water quality. The system is an integrated equipment consisting of resin tanks, salt tanks (softened resin), controllers, etc. The system adopts the siphon principle to absorb salt, automatically injects water to dissolve salt, and the concentration ratio does not require auxiliary equipment such as salt pumps and salt dissolution.
The principle of sodium ion exchange softening treatment is to pass raw water through a sodium type cation exchange resin, allowing the hardness components Ca2+and Mg2+in the water to exchange with Na+in the resin, thereby adsorbing Ca2+and Mg2+in the water and softening it. If RNa represents sodium resin, the exchange process is as follows:
2RNa + Ca2+ = R2Ca + 2Na+
2RNa + Mg2++ = R2Mg + 2Na+
After passing through the sodium ion exchanger, Ca+and Mg+in the water are replaced with Na+.
After the sodium ion exchange resin fails, regeneration treatment is necessary to restore its exchange capacity. The rejuvenator is a cheap and widely available salt solution. The regeneration process reaction is as follows:
R2Ca + 2NaCl = 2RNa + CaCl2
R2Mg + 2NaCl = 2RNa + MgCl2

3. Working principle explanation of fully automatic water softener

Adopting the AUTOTROL multi way valve controller from the United States, the regeneration time control is set based on the hourly water production and periodic water production. The sensor flowmeter placed on the outlet pipe randomly collects the output water volume information and inputs it in a timely manner for storage and calculation, and then sends instructions to the multi way valve controller for corresponding operations. The automatic controller can achieve automation of operation and regeneration, and the programs such as backwashing, salt suction, slow washing, fast flushing, and salt box refilling during regeneration are also fully automated without human intervention. Management personnel only need to regularly add regenerant (NaCl) to achieve fully automatic supply of soft water. The specific steps are as follows:
◆ Running
Under a certain pressure (0.2-0.6Mpa) and flow rate, the raw water enters the container (resin tank) containing ion exchange resin through the controller valve chamber. The Na+contained in the resin exchanges with the cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, etc.) in the water, so that the Ca2+and Mg2+ion content in the effluent of the container reaches the predetermined requirements, achieving the softening of hard water.
◆ Backwashing
After resin failure, backwash with water from bottom to top before regeneration. The purpose of backwashing is twofold. Firstly, by backwashing, the tightly compressed resin layer during operation is loosened, which is beneficial for the resin particles to fully contact with the regeneration solution; The second is to discharge the suspended solids and broken resin accumulated on the surface of the resin with the backwash water, so that the water flow resistance of the exchanger will not increase.
◆ Regenerated salt absorption
Regenerate once every 24 hours, with a regeneration time of 2 hours each time. The regeneration salt solution flows through the failed resin layer at a certain concentration and flow rate to restore its original exchange capacity.
◆ Slow wash
After the regeneration solution is completed, if there is still salt solution in the exchanger that has not participated in the regeneration exchange, clean it with clean water at a flow rate less than or equal to the regeneration solution flow rate (slow cleaning) to fully utilize the regeneration effect of the salt solution and reduce the load of the washing process.
◆ Quick wash
The purpose is to remove the residual regenerated waste liquid in the resin layer, usually cleaned at normal flow rate until the effluent is qualified.
◆ Inject water into the regeneration agent tank
Inject the required amount of salt water into the rejuvenator tank to regenerate the solution once
4. Technical requirements
Raw water hardness: 3-10mmol/L;
Residual hardness of effluent: ≤ 0.03mmol/L;
Working pressure: 0.2-0.6MPa;
Operating temperature: 2-50 ℃;
Automatic control power supply: 220V 50Hz; Power consumption: 10W;
Resin model: 001 × 7 strong acidic cation exchange resin;
If the inlet pressure is lower than 0.2MPa, a pipeline pump needs to be installed;
Total pressure loss of equipment: 0.03MPa.
PH range: 1-14
Maximum operating temperature: Sodium type ≤ 120 ° C
Type variable expansion rate%: (H+- Na+) 8-10
Regeneration solution concentration: NaCl: 3-10%; HCl：4-5%； NaOH：4-5%
Regeneration solution dosage: NaCl: (8-10%); Volume: Resin volume=1.5-2:1
HC1 (4-5%) volume: resin volume=2-3:1
NaOH(4-5%)； Volume: Resin volume=2-3:1
Regeneration liquid flow rate: 5-8m/h;
Regeneration contact time: 30-60 minutes
Positive washing flow rate: 10-20m/h;
Washing time: about 30 minutes
Operating flow rate: 10-40m/h
5. Characteristics of fully automatic water softener
a. High degree of automation
After installation and debugging, the fully automatic softening water equipment only requires manual regular addition of recycled salt, and the equipment automatically produces water continuously, saving manpower and material resources.
b. Efficient and low operating costs
The overall design of the fully automatic softening water equipment is reasonable, which fully utilizes the resin exchange capacity, and the energy consumption indicators of the equipment are significantly lower than those of general softening water equipment. Equipment energy consumption indicators: self use water rate<2% of water production capacity, salt consumption<100 grams/gram equivalent, power consumption<40W. Since no salt pump is required, the power consumption is only equivalent to 1% of general soft water equipment.
c. The equipment structure design is reasonable, easy to operate and maintain, occupies a small area, and saves investment.
d. The design of the core pressure bearing parts inside the centralized control valve of Fulike Company ensures a long service life and minimal maintenance in the later stage. The core components such as the plunger valve core and plunger rod are made of lead-free brass material, which is sturdy and durable, with a service life of up to 27 years.
e. Widely applicable
The fully automatic water softening equipment is suitable for softening the water supply of industrial and civilian boilers, heat exchangers, air conditioners and refrigerators, and chilled water circulation systems. It is widely used in water softening treatment systems such as power plants, steel mills, textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food and beverage industries.
f. Excellent anti-corrosion performance is achieved by using fiberglass or stainless steel resin tanks, PE plastic or fiberglass salt tanks, which have the characteristics of corrosion resistance and non polluting water quality.
6. Equipment installation instructions
1) No installation foundation is required, it can be installed horizontally on the foundation;
2) Require there to be a sewage outlet on the ground near the equipment;
3) If the inlet water pressure is lower than the required value, a booster pump must be installed;
4) Keep the salt solution at saturation concentration, and the solid salt solution should be above the liquid level.
5) After installation, the pipeline should be flushed to prevent impurities from blocking and contaminating the resin.
2、 Equipment selection
1. Equipment configuration
1.1 Centralized control valve
Fulike control valve has a unique and clever design, good hydraulic performance, and the valve core, sealing ring, and separator of the control valve have advantages such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The valve core is the only moving part of the valve during operation. The surface of the brass made valve core is firmly covered with a layer of durable polytetrafluoroethylene with low friction resistance. The valve body is made of lead-free brass, which is non-toxic, harmless, and sturdy and corrosion-resistant.
1.2 Resin tank
The resin tank is made of fiberglass material and undergoes a hydrostatic test before leaving the factory, which complies with the relevant provisions of the industry standard JG/T587.
1.3 Salt box
The salt box is made of PE non-toxic plastic or fiberglass material.