The reverse osmosis process utilizes a semi permeable spiral wound membrane to separate and remove soluble solids, organic matter, colloidal substances, and bacteria from water. The raw water is sent under a certain pressure and passes through a reverse osmosis membrane. The water passes through the small pores on the membrane and is collected to obtain pure water. Impurities in the water are concentrated and removed in the intercepting liquid. RO can remove over 96% of dissolved solids, over 99% of organic matter and colloids, and almost 100% of bacteria from raw water.

ROThe equipment is one of the most efficient water treatment devices in the world for producing pure water, with low operating costs, convenient operation, and reliable performance.

ROInlet conditions

This RO machine should operate under the following raw water conditions. It is very important to check if your raw water is within this limit. Raw water conditions that do not meet this standard will result in irreversible pollution and damage to membrane components. This situation is not within the warranty range of the system.

Minimum original water pressure: 40PSI (2.8Kg/cm)²)

Minimum water supply flow rate: 3T/h

Water temperature: 4 ℃ -45 ℃

PHScope: 4-9

Hardness: 17mg/L (as CaCO)₃Calculation)

浊度： SDI<5

Total dissolved solids content:TDS<1000mg/L

And the raw water must meet the following requirements:

Iron:<0.1mg/L

Free chlorine:Not detected

Manganese:<0.05mg/L

organic compound:<1mg/L

The hardness of the raw water must be below 17mg/L. To meet this requirement, it is recommended to install a suitable water softener or scale inhibitor dosing device before the reverse osmosis system. The damage caused by scaling due to excessive hardness of raw water to the reverse osmosis membrane is not within the warranty range.

IIIRaw water temperature and water production rate

The rated water production of the equipment is set assuming a raw water temperature of 25 ℃. The water production of reverse osmosis system decreases with the decrease of raw water temperature. In general, for every 1 ℃ decrease in water temperature, the water production will decrease by 3%.

4Iron in raw water

Once the iron content in the raw water exceeds 0.1mg/L, you need to add a filter for removing iron. Regarding this issue, you can consult relevant experts, and we can also provide you with strong assistance.

Names, functions, and maintenance precautions for each component

1Multi media filter (Φ 400mm)

Multi media filters use various specifications of filter media as fillers, which have strong mechanical and adsorption properties. They mainly intercept suspended solids, sediment, colloids, humus, etc. in water, and can also reduce the content of iron and manganese ions by adding a small amount of manganese sand. When the filter media reaches saturation after running for a period of time, its performance can be restored by timed manual (or automatic) backwashing and forward washing. Backwashing adopts high flow water washing method to ensure cleaning effect; The design working flow rate is 10m/h.

2Activated carbon filter (Φ 400mm)

The function of activated carbon filter is to further intercept suspended solids and colloids through cleaning and removal, adsorb and separate microorganisms and organic matter, and also adsorb color and taste; When the filtering capacity of the filter reaches saturation after running for a period of time, its performance can be restored by manually (or automatically) backwashing and backwashing at regular intervals. Backwashing can introduce a certain amount of compressed air (i.e. air washing) to ensure the cleaning effect; The design working flow rate is 10m/h.

3Scale inhibitor dosing system

The reverse osmosis membrane desalination equipment is a utilization device that concentrates and discharges dissolved solids and fresh water. According to the analysis report of the raw water quality, in order to prevent the occurrence of CaCO on the concentrated water side, especially on the concentrated water side of the last group of membrane elements in the RO pressure vessel_3TheCaCO₄ The concentration product exceeds its equilibrium solubility index and crystallizes, thereby damaging the application characteristics of the membrane element. Therefore, a scale inhibitor dosing device is installed before entering the membrane element. Scale inhibitor is an organic compound that can not only operate at a Langmuir index (LSI) of 2.8, but also prevent SO₄^2-The main function of salt scaling is to relatively increase the solubility of scaling substances in water, in order to prevent substances such as calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate from obstructing the membrane. At the same time, it can also reduce the blockage of micropores by iron ions in the membrane. Mainly includes one metering pump produced by Italian company SEKO and one solution tank. The capacity of the medication box can meet the daily drug consumption of the system during operation.

4Dosing device

Due to the acidic nature of carbon dioxide dissolution in the original primary production water, in order to adjust the pH value of the reverse osmosis influent and reduce the conductivity of the production water, a dosing device (NaOH) needs to be added before the secondary reverse osmosis. This mainly includes one metering pump produced by the Italian company SEKO and one solution tank. The capacity of the medication box can meet the drug consumption of the system for 7 days of operation.

5Security filters and filter cartridges

At present, the specifications of the security filters used in this series are 1-inch inlet and outlet, 20 inch long, and equipped with 20 inch 5-micron filter cartridges.

The security filter is the last filtration device before the raw water enters the membrane. It can effectively remove substances larger than 5 μ m that have not been completely removed by pretreatment, and can intercept the filter material lost by pretreatment, such as activated carbon powder. Effectively protect the RO membrane from or minimize contamination. The filter element should be washed regularly, and it should be replaced if it cannot reach normal usage conditions after washing. When installing the filter element, it should be aligned vertically, otherwise it will damage the filter element and, more seriously, lose its filtering function.

6Inlet electromagnetic (optional)

The pressure range of the inlet solenoid valve is 0-10kg/cm²The import and export are 1 inch. Its main function is to automatically cut off the pipeline between the raw water and the membrane when the equipment is shut down, so that water will not flow into the membrane tube and cause pollution to the membrane.

7high-pressure pump

This machine adopts a stainless steel vertical multi-stage centrifugal high-pressure pump, which is an important component of the RO host. Its function is to deliver a certain amount of water with a certain pressure to the RO membrane. The quality of the product has a significant impact on the overall machine. During use, it should be ensured that there is no idling or long-term overload operation. Air should be regularly expelled as required, and the electrical components should be kept dry.

8bypass valve

The valve installed between the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure pump is mainly used to regulate and control the total inlet flow of the RO membrane. It is used in conjunction with the concentrated water regulating valve to adjust the pressure and water supply inside the membrane tube. When starting up, it should be turned on or partially turned on first, and then slowly turned off after the pump starts, adjusting various indicators.

9ROmembrane shell

ROThe membrane shell is made of stainless steel. When installing the ends at both ends, a layer of Vaseline should be applied to the rubber O-ring to facilitate disassembly and increase sealing. Be careful not to damage the sealing ring during maintenance.

10ROmembrane

ROMembrane is a key component of RO machine, and its quality has an absolute impact on the quality and output of product water. This series of equipment uses 4040 membrane, and the technical specifications and requirements for the membrane are specified separately.

conductivity meter

Its main function is to display the conductivity of the product water during device operation, and the CM-230 conductivity meter is used for this machine. It can directly display the conductivity of pure water.

Concentrated water regulating valve

This valve is an important component of the RO host, and its main function is to regulate the pressure inside the membrane tube, achieving the goal of adjusting the ratio of pure water to concentrated water. It can be used in conjunction with a bypass valve to better adjust the pressure inside the membrane tube, pure water flow rate, and concentrated water flow rate. Before starting the equipment, the valve should be opened to a certain extent to prevent the pressure inside the membrane from suddenly increasing beyond the limit when the equipment is started.

Membrane flushing solenoid valve (optional)

Its main function is to start the machine for flushing, allowing a large flow of concentrated water to pass through, reducing the pressure inside the membrane tube, increasing the flow rate inside the tube, and achieving the purpose of flushing the membrane. It is an important component of the RO machine. The flushing interval can be set to work for 2-10 hours and flush for 2-5 minutes according to the user's water source situation.

Pure water flowmeter and concentrated water flowmeter

This system is equipped with two flow meters. They are respectively concentrated water flow meter and pure water flow meter, with units of gallons per minute (GPM) or liters per minute (LPM). By using these two flow meters, we can clearly grasp the current water production and concentrated water flow rate of the equipment, and intuitively observe the ratio of pure water and concentrated water, which is beneficial for us to adjust the system condition according to the required ratio and production.

Pre - and post filter pressure gauges for security filters (0-1500PSI)

These two tables mainly display the pressure of raw water before entering the pump and the pressure after the security filter. These two tables, when used in conjunction with observation, can determine whether the security filter element has failed or whether it should be cleaned. When the pressure difference exceeds 10 PSI, it indicates that the filter element should be cleaned. If the situation still does not meet the requirements after cleaning, it should be replaced.

Pre membrane and concentrated water pressure gauge (0-400PSI)

The system is equipped with two pressure gauges: inlet pressure gauge and concentrate pressure gauge. The inlet pressure gauge displays the water pressure when the raw water enters the membrane of this stage through the pump, and the concentrated water pressure gauge displays the pressure at the outlet of the last membrane of this stage. By observing two gauges together, one can determine the pressure difference situation, which is important in practical operation. When adjusting operating parameters, the system pressure should be adjusted based on the inlet pressure gauge, especially when the system pressure is at its upper limit and the membrane pressure difference is large. This should be taken into account.

During the use of reverse osmosis membranes, as pollutants such as scale and bacteria form, the water output and quality gradually decrease. If it were not for the gradual decrease in production caused by temperature and pressure factors15%When the quality of the produced water gradually decreases and exceeds the relevant standards (excluding factors such as changes in raw water), it indicates that the reverse osmosis membrane needs to be chemically cleaned.

Chemical cleaning must be carried out by professionals or under the guidance of professionals.

The temperature of the equipment installation site should be within4Between ℃ and 45 ℃, if the equipment is not used in the short term, please turn it on and rinse it for 10 to 20 minutes every day to keep the reverse osmosis membrane clean and prevent bacterial growth. If the equipment is stopped for a long time, anti-corrosion agents should be added to the system. The initial addition of anti-corrosion agents should be done by professionals or beforeUnder the guidance of professional personnel.